Kingdom Plantae

Kingdom Plantae (the plant) is divided into three kinds, namely:

a. Plant moss (Bryophyta)

The characteristics, namely:

- Gametophyte phase (phase produces sex cells of male and female) live longer than the phase sporophytes (spore producing phase).

- Do not have a beam transport vessels

- The role can prevent flooding and is able to provide water during the dry season because it can absorb and hold rainwater

- The principal organ just like the roots, stems, and leaves.

b. Pteridophyta (ferns)

The characteristics

- Includes a low level because plants have not been able to produce seeds

- Has organ roots, stems, and leaves the real

- Reproduction done in vegetative and generative

1. Vegetative: Through fragmentation, forming buds, forming stem tubers, shoots forming roots

2. Generative: With the fertilization of an egg by spermatozoid which produce a zygote

- Benefits of ferns for humans

1. Medicinal

example: Lycopodium clavatum, Aspidium filixmas

2. Foodstuff

example: Marsilea crenata, Alsophia glauca

3. Ornamental plants

example: Adiantum cuneatum, Platycerium, Selaginella

4. Green manure

example: Azolla pinnata

5. Materials bouquets

example: Lycopodium

6. Coal-forming materials

example: Order lepidodendralea

c. Spermatophyta (seed plants)

characteristics

- It is true cormophyta consists of roots, stems, and leaves

- Generate interest so-called anthophyta

- Sexual reproduction by seeds and asexually by forming vegetative organs

- Spermatophyta divided into two, namely:

1. Gymnosperms or seed plants open

characteristics

= Do not have a real interest

= Benefits

a). Conifers can be used for building materials

b). Produce resins

c). To make food

2. Angiosperms or seed plants closed

characteristics

= Having real flowers that are hermaphrodite

= Angiospermae divided into 2 dikotil and monocot

= Formation comes from the cleavage of the female gametophyte nucleus bladder secondary institutions

= Benefits

a). As a source kabohidrat

example: wheat, sago, rice, and corn

b). Sources of protein

example: Soybean and mungbean

c). Sources of fat

d). Vegetable

e). Fruits

f). Clothing materials

g). Giving pleasure

h). Drugs

i). Building materials.